IHL was drafted with traditional kinetic warfare in mind, thus its application in cyberwarfare needs to be critically analysed. The Hague Convention of 18, the four Geneva Conventions of 1949, i.e., Geneva Convention I, Geneva Convention II, Geneva Convention III, Geneva Convention IV, and their Additional Protocols I, II and III, are the main sources of IHL that are applicable in an International Armed Conflict (IAC). IHL seeks to protect those who are not or are no longer involved in hostilities from the effects of an armed conflict. International Humanitarian Law (IHL) is the body of law that seeks for humanitarian reasons to limit the means and methods of warfare. It affected thousands of civilian infrastructures, including hospitals and transport services, in over 100 countries.Ĭyberwarfare and international humanitarian law We can see the WannaCry Ransomware Attack in 2017 as an example. For example, air traffic control systems, nuclear plants and other such systems operated through technology can be manipulated, with enormous impact on the lives of civilians. Cyber operations can result in serious consequences in an armed conflict as their effect is not limited to the targeted system. It may include a range of activities using information and communication technology to cause social, ideological, religious or political harm. In particular, the extraordinary growth of cyberspace has created new possibilities and threats.Ĭyberwarfare does not have a clear definition, however it is widely understood as state-on-state action equivalent to an armed attack or use of force in cyberspace that may trigger a military response with a proportional kinetic use of force. From sword battles in the past to drone attacks today, we have seen the international game of power driven to shift and evolve by technology. The concept of warfare is everchanging in the international game of power.
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